In a large skillet over medium-high heat, cook ground beef until no longer pink, breaking it up as it cooks. Drain excess grease if needed.
Season the beef with salt, pepper, garlic powder, and onion powder. Stir well. Remove from heat and let cool 5 to 10 minutes.
In a small bowl, whisk together mayonnaise, ketchup, mustard, relish, vinegar (or pickle juice), paprika, garlic powder, onion powder, and sugar (if using). Add water a tablespoon at a time until the dressing reaches your preferred consistency.
Add chopped lettuce to a large bowl or divide among serving bowls.
Top with seasoned beef, cheddar cheese, pickles, tomatoes, and onion.
Drizzle with dressing and toss gently, or serve the dressing on the side.
Finish with sesame seeds, croutons, or bacon pieces if desired. Serve immediately.